This course is offered by Martin Chautari to competitively selected Research Fellows who will, after course completion, conduct research on various themes related to enhancing the access of marginalized communities to higher education in Nepal. The objectives of this course are to familiarize the participants with: the major concepts and theoretical orientations in the study and research of diversity and pluralism; the various forms of social exclusion and their foundations in Nepal; and, the major political struggles, initiatives and public debates related to inclusion in Nepal and elsewhere.

The course is broadly divided into five sections, each consisting of a number of classes that are moderated by 'experts' in the related fields. It uses an integrated approach in which research methodology and writing are incorporated into each section.

The first part provides an overview of the various interpretations of Nepal's socio-economic and political history and how these interpretations help to grasp the causes of many of Nepal's 'contemporary problems'. It then moves on to trace the historical, political, economic and social foundations of exclusion of various groups and regions (e.g., Dalits, Women, Janajatis, Madhesis and Karnali/Mid and Far West) and the issues raised by various movements associated with the 'liberation' of these groups and regions. After this detailed and empirical treatment of the Nepal case, the second part proceeds to enhance the understanding of the theoretical/conceptual issues in the study and research of diversity and pluralism, such as social exclusion and social inclusion, identity and citizenship, multiculturalism, democracy, and secularism.

The third part focuses on Nepal's school and higher education system, especially examining how unequal access and representation are built into the system and reproduced. The fourth part critically examines the strategies to promote inclusion of hitherto excluded groups (such as affirmative action/positive discrimination, state restructuring and federalism), taking a comparative approach while doing so. And the final part includes a number of sessions that seek to enhance the capacity of the fellows to use specific research methods and tools.

• Onta, Pratyoush. 2062 v.s. Samaj Bigyanma Naya Pusta: Pragyik Gairsarkari Sansthako Bhumika. Rupantaran 2: 1-17.
• Bhatta, Pramod, Lila Adhikari, Manu Thada and Ramesh Rai. 2008. Structures of denial: Social exclusion in Nepal’s higher education. A paper submitted to Martin Chautari, Kathmandu, Nepal. (written comments on this article required)
• Academic writing: books reviews, commentaries and articles. (Please read the book review sections in Studies in Nepali History and Society and Media Adhyayan 3, and Notes for Contributors in Studies in Nepali History and Society).

January 12: Introduction to Nepal’s history (Pratyoush Onta) Reading requirements:

• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1995. The Conquests of Gorkha. In Kings and political leaders of the Gorkhali Empire 1768-1814, pp. 1-17. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1995. The Political Leadership. In Kings and political leaders of the Gorkhali Empire 1768-1814, pp. 36-48. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1995. The quest for economic security. In Kings and political leaders of the Gorkhali Empire 1768-1814, pp. 49-62. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. The Rajya, Birta and Jagir Systems. In Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces, pp. 39-43. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. Thatched huts and stucco palaces (with a glossary of key terms). In Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces, pp. 39-43, 172-179. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers.
• Sharma, Prayag Raj. 2004. Nepal: Hindu-tribal interface. In The State and Society in Nepal: Historical foundations and contemporary trends, pp. 185-199. Kathmandu: Himal Books.
• Hofer, Andras. 2004. Chapters I, II & III. In The Caste Hierarchy and the State in Nepal: A study of the Muluki Ain of 1854, 2nd edition, pp. 1-16. Kathmandu: Himal Books.

January 14: Commentary on Modern Nepal’s history (CK Lal)

January 15: Nepal’s Development after 1951 (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Stiller, Ludwig and Ram Prakash Yadav. 1978. The Starting Point. In Planning for People, pp. 1-29. Kathmandu: Sahayogi Prakashan.
• Sharma, Sudhindra.2002. Half-a-Century of Foreign Aid. In Foreign Aid and Politics in Nepal, by Eugene B. Mihaly (Second Edition), pp. xix-lx. Kathmandu: Himal Books.
• Pigg, Stacy. 1993. Unintended consequences: the ideological impact of development in Nepal. South Asia Bulletin 13(1&2): 45-58.

January 18: Evolution of Nepali Nationalism (Pratyoush Onta) Reading requirements:

• Burghart, Richard. 1984. The formation of the concept of nation state in Nepal. In The conditions of listening: Essays on religion, history and politics in South Asia, by C.J Fuller and Jonathan Spencer, eds, pp. 226-260. New delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Shah, Saubhagya. 2050 v.s. Shishu rastrako pida. Himal 2050 V.S: 40-47.
• Onta, Pratyoush. 1999. The career of Bhanubhakta as a history of Nepali national culture, 1940- 1999. Studies in Nepali History and Society 4(1): 65-136.
• Onta, Pratyoush. 1996. Ambivalence denied: the making of Rastriya Itihas in Panchayat era textbooks. Contributions to Nepalese Studies, 23(1): 213-254.

January 19: The Evolution of Democracy in Nepal after 1951 (Ramesh Parajuli) Reading requirements:

• Baral, L.S. 1972. Opposition Groups in Nepal, 1960-70. Journal of International Affairs XXVII(1): 12-45.
• Seddon, David. 1993. Democracy and Development in Nepal. In Nepal in the Nineties, by Michael Hutt, eds., pp. 128-164. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Parajuli, Ramesh. Forthcoming. The politics of public library. Chapter of PhD dissertation, University of Bielefeld, Germany.

January 21: Understanding Exclusion in Nepal (Lynn Bennett) Reading requirements:

• DFID and The World Bank. 2005. The historical and socio-cultural foundations of exclusion in Nepal. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 3. Kathmandu: DFID and The World Bank.
• Lawoti, Mahendra. 2005. Socio-cultural cleavages and conflicts in Nepal. In Towards a Democratic Nepal: Inclusive political institutions for a multicultural society, pp. 87-112. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Bennett, Lynn. 2008. Policy Reform and Culture Change: Contesting Gender, Caste and Ethnic Exclusion in Nepal. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities, by Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp.197-224. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

January 22: Dalit Exclusion and Dalit Aandolan (Khagendra Sangroula and Ahuti) Reading requirements:

• DFID and The World Bank. 2005. The Public discourse and action to address caste discrimination. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 8. Kathmandu: DFID and The World Bank.
• Bishowkarma, Hira. 2063 V.S. Dalit Mahilaka Sawal ra tinko Samadhan. In Nepalma Dalit Mahila, by Dalit mahila Sangh (FEDO), pp. 117-140. Kathmandu: Dalit Mahila Sangh.
• Ahuti. 2004. Hindu Samajma Dalit Jatiya Muktiko Prashna. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.

January 25: Janajati Exclusion (Mukta Singh Tamang) Reading requirements:

• INSEC. 2004. Adivasi Janajati ra Manav Adhikar. In Human Rights Year Book 2004, pp. 109-130. Kathmandu: INSEC.
• Gurung, Harka. 2004. Rastriyata ra Janajati. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 418-440. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Pfaff-Czarnecka, Joanna. 1997. Vestiges and Visions: Cultural Change in the Process of Nation- Building in Nepal. In Nationalism and Ethnicity in a Hindu Kingdom: The Politics of Culture in Contemporary Nepal. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers.
• Holmberg, David. 1989. Tamang comparatively reconstructed. In Order in paradox: Myth, ritual and exchange among Nepal's Tamang, pp. 11-50. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass Publishers.
• Tamang, Parashuram. 2050 v.s. Ojhelma pareka Tamangharu. Himal 2050 V.S: 56-61.
• Guneratne, Arjun. 2006. Tharu ra Rajya: Prajatantra, Rajya Nirman ra Janajati Pahichan. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 42-54. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.

January 26: Janajati Aandolan (Pratyoush Onta, Kailash Rai) Reading requirements:

• Onta, Pratyoush. 2006. The growth of the Adivasi Janajati movement in Nepal after 1990: The non-political institutional agents. Studies in Nepali History and Society 11(2): 303-354.
• Rai, Kailash. Forthcoming. Adivasi Janajati Mahila Aandolan. Studies in Nepali History and Society.
• Tamang, Mukta Singh. 2006. Culture, Caste and Ethnicity in the Maoist Movement. Studies in Nepali History and Society 11(2): 271-301.
• Sato, Seika. 2006. Discourse and practice of Janajati-building: creative (dis)junctions with local communities among the people from Yolmo. Studies in Nepali History and Society 11(2): 355- 388.

January 28: The Spatial dimensions of Ethnicity in Nepal (Pitamber Sharma) Reading requirements:

• Sharma, Pitamber. 2008. Nepali Canvaska Rangharu. Kathmandu: Himal Books.

January 29: Madhes Exclusion and Madhes Aandolan (Brikhesh Chandra Lal) Reading requirements:

• Bernado, M. 2006. Tarai: Muglanko Bhag wa Gorkhako? In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 29-41. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Majumdar, Mrinamoya. 2006. Dhani Thaun, Garib Arthatantra. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 9-28. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Gautam, Bhaskar (Eds.). 2008. Madhes Aandolanko Nalibeli. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Hyome, K. 2006. Madhespratiko Vivhedh ra Samanata Aandolan. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 475-521. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Dahal, Dilli Ram. 2050 v.s. Taraiko Bivajit Pahichan. Himal 2050 V.S: 13-16.

February 1: Exclusion of Karnali (Jagannath Adhikari) Reading requirements:

• Shah, Saubhagya. 2004. Karnali: Pida ra Muktiko Upaya. In Nepalma Garibiko Bahas, by Bhaskar Gautam, Jagannath Adhikari and Purna Basnet, eds., pp. 274-280. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Adhikari, Jagannath. Forthcoming. Development in Karnali and the Food Crisis. In Food Crisis in Karnali: A historical and politico-economic perspective. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

• Kainla, Bairagi. 2058 v.s. Adivasi ra Janajatiko Bhashako Samrakchhyan ra Bikas. In Chhapama Janajati, by Pratyoush Onta, Kumar Yatru and Bhashkar Gautam, eds., pp. 289-295. Kathmandu: Ekta Books.
• Koirala, Bidhyanath. 2064 V.S. Matribhashama Shikchhyan: Nepalko Bhashik Samasya Samadhan garne Tarika. In Shikchhyama Baikalpik Chintan, pp. 587-596. Kathmandu: Samajik Bikaskalagi Pragyik Manch.
• Yadav, Yogendra Prasad. 2006. Taraika Bhashaharu: Sandarva ra Sambhawana. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 84-98. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.

February 4: Gender Exclusion and Mahila Aandolan (Seira Tamang) Reading requirements:

• Tamang, Seira. 2004. Nepalma Bikase Naribad. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Tamang, Seira. 2002. Dis-embedding the sexual/social contract: Citizenship and gender in Nepal. Citizenship Studies 6(3): 309-324.
• Acharya, Meena. 1997. Political participation of women in Nepal. In Women and politics worldwide, by Barbara Nelson and Najima Chowdhary, eds., pp. 479-495. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Sob, Durga. 2063 V.S. Nepalma Mahila Aandolan ra Dalit Mahila. In Nepalma Dalit Mahila, by Dalit Mahila Sangh (FEDO), pp. 1-16. Kathmandu: Dalit Mahila Sangh.

February 5: Discussion on opinion paper (Pratyoush Onta and Pramod Bhatta)

February 9: Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion (Rajendra Pradhan) Reading requirements:

• de Haan, Arjan. 2000. Social exclusion: Enriching the understanding of deprivation? Studies in Social and Political Thought 2(2): 22-40.
• Sen, Amartya. 2004. Social Exclusion: Concept, Application, Scrutiny. New Delhi: Critical Quest.
• Silver, Hilary. 1995. Reconceptualizing social disadvantage: Three paradigms of social exclusion. In Social Exclusion: Rhetoric, Reality, Responses, by Gerry Rodgers, Charles Gore and Jose Figueiredo, eds., pp. 57-80. Geneva: International Institute for Labor Studies, UNDP.
• Jackson, Cecile. 1999. Social exclusion and gender: does one size fit all? The European Journal of development Research 11(1): 125-146.
• Pradhan, Rajendra. 2006. Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion in the Nepalese context: some preliminary remarks. Paper presented at the workshop "Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion: Theories, methodologies and data" organized by the Social Science Baha and the Social Inclusion Research Fund/SNV, 3 June 2006.

February 11: Democracy and Inclusive States (Krishna Hachhethu) Reading requirements:

• Hachhethu, Krishna. 2003. Democracy and nationalism: Interface between state and ethnicity in Nepal. Contributions to Nepalese Studies 30(2): 217-252.
• Mikesell, Stephen. 2004. Prajatantra. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp.1-41. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Dryzek, John S. 1996. Political Inclusion and the Dynamics of Democratization. The American Political Science Review 90(3): 475-487.
• Johannsen, Lars and Karin Hilmer Pedersen. 2008. The Responsive State: Openness and Inclusion in the Policy Process. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities, by Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp.73-95. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

February 12: Madhes ra Nagarikata (Bhaskar Gautam) Reading requirements:

• Gautam, Bhaskar. Forthcoming. Madhes Adhyayan: Prarambhik Tippani. Studies in Nepali History and Society.

February 13: Identity and Citizenship (Mukta Singh Tamang) Reading requirements:

• Assiter, Alison. 1999. Citizenship Revisited. In Women, Citizenship and Difference, by Nira Yuval-Davis and Pnina Werbner, eds., pp. 41-53. London: Zed Books.
• Kabeer, Naila. 2005. Introduction: The search for inclusive citizenship: Meanings and expressions in an interconnected world. In Inclusive Citizenship: Meanings & Expressions, by Naila Kabeer, eds., pp. 1-27. New Delhi: Zubaan.
• Mohanty, Ranjita and Rajesh Tandon. 2006. Introduction: Identity, Exclusion, Inclusion: Issues in Participatory Citizenship. In Participatory Citizenship: Identity, Exclusion, Inclusion, by Ranjita Mohanty and Rajesh Tandon, eds., pp. 9-26. New Delhi: Sage.

February 15: Multiculturalism (Mukta Singh Tamang) Reading requirements:

• Tamang, Mukta Singh. 2008. Samanata, Sanghiyata ra Bahusanskritik Rastrabad. In Rajya Punarsamrachana: Rajnitik, Arthik ra Sanskritik Drishtikon, by Krishna Khanal, Jhalak Subedi and Mukta Singh Tamang, pp. 105-158. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Kymlicka, Will. 2005. Liberal Multiculturalism: Western Models, Global Trends and Asian Debates. In Multiculturalism in Asia, by Will Kymlicka and Baogang He, eds., pp. 22-55. UK: Oxford University Press.
• Kymlicka, Will. 1995. The Politics of Multiculturalism. In Multicultural Citizenship, pp. 10-33. UK: Oxford University Press.

February 16: Issues in Diversity and Pluralism in Nepal (Hari Prasad Bhattarai) Reading requirements:

• Bhattarai, Hari Prasad. 2004. Cultural diversity and pluralism in Nepal: Emerging issues and search for a new paradigm. Contributions to Nepalese Studies 31(2): 293-340.
• Pradhan, Rajendra. 2002. Ethnicity, caste and a pluralist society. In State of Nepal, by Kanak Mani Dixit and Shastri Ramachandaran, eds., pp. 1-21. Kathmandu: Himal Books.

February 18: Hinduism and Secularism (Sudhindra Sharma) Reading requirements:

• Sharma, Sudhindra. 2004. Hindu Adhirajya ra Dharmanirapekchhyata. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp.447-474. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Sharma, Sudhindra and Pawan Kumar Sen. 2008. Nepal Samasamayik Rajnitik Paristhiti-5. Kathmandu: Interdisciplinary Analysts.
• Toffin, Gerard. 2006. The politics of Hinduism and secularism in Nepal. Studies in Nepali History and Society 11(2): 219-240.

February 19: Discussion on opinion paper (Pratyoush Onta and Pramod Bhatta)

February 22: The Responses of Dalit NGOs and the State to Dalit Issues/Aandolan (Durga Sob) Reading requirements:

• DFID/World Bank. 2005. The Public discourse and action to address caste discrimination. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 8. Kathmandu: DFID/World Bank.

February 23: Development of Education in Nepal (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Bhatta, Pramod. 2007. Providing Education for All: Foreign Aid and the Development of Primary Education in Nepal. Tokyo: Setsutaro Kobayashi Memorial Fund, Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
• Caddell, Martha. 2007. Education and Change: A Historical Perspective on Schooling, Development and the Nepali Nation-State. In Education and Social Change in South Asia, by Krishna Kumar and Joachim Oesterheld, eds., pp. 251-284. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Valentin, Karen. 2005. Education and Nation-Building in Nepal: An Historical Perspective. In Schooled for the Future: Educational Policy and Everyday Life among Urban Squatters in Nepal, by Karen Valentin, pp. 53-68. Connecticut: Information Age Publishing.

February 25: Equity in Higher Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Chanana, Karuna. 2001. Accessing higher education: The dilemma of schooling women, minorities, SCs and STs in contemporary India. In Interrogating Women's Education: Bounded Visions, Expanding Horizons, pp. 287-332. New Delhi: Rawat Publications.
• Mehta, Aashish and Rana Hasan. 2008. Underrepresentation in colleges: what do the data tell us? In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality, by Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 166-181. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• World Bank. 2002. Confronting the old challenges: The continuing crisis of tertiary education in developing and transition countries. In Constructing knowledge societies: New challenges for tertiary education. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

February 26: What we know and don't know much about Nepal's education? Implications for further educational research (Bidhyanath Koirala)

March 1: Issues in Nepal's Education (Kedar Bhakta Mathema) Reading requirements:

• Mathema, Kedar Bhakta. 2007. Crisis in Education and Future Challenges for Nepal. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research 31: 46-66.
• Bhatta, Saurav Dev. 2004. Disparities in School Performance in the SLC Exams: an Exploratory Analysis. Studies in Nepali History and Society 9(2): 293-343.
• Stash, Sharon and Emily Hannum. 2001. Who goes to school? Educational stratification by gender, caste and ethnicity in Nepal. Comparative Education Review 45(3): 354-378.
• Parajuli, Mahesh Nath. 2062 V.S. Nepali Schoolma Dalit Bahishkar ra Bivedhka Kura. In Rajyako Punarsamrachanama Dalit Sahabhagita, by Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral, eds., pp. 131-142. Kathmandu: Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral.

March 2: Issues in Nepal's Higher Education (Hridaya Ratna Bajracharya) Reading requirements:

• Khaniya, Tirth. 2007. Overview of the development of higher education in Nepal. In New Horizons in Education in Nepal, pp. 117-136. Kathmandu: Kishor Khaniya.
• Sijapati, Bandita. 2005. Perils of Higher Education Reform in Nepal. Journal of Development and Social Transformation 2: 25-33.

March 2: Martin Chautari writing style for academic papers (Shekhar Parajuli) March 5: Discussion on opinion paper (Pratyoush Onta and Pramod Bhatta) March 15: Deadline for submission of opinion paper 3.00 pm sharp.

March 16: Reservation/Affirmative Action in India (CK Lal) Reading requirements:

• de Haan, Arjan. 2008. Citizens, Identity and Public Policy: Affirmative Action in India. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities, by Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp. 225-247. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
• Sharma, Arvind. 2005. History and theory of affirmative action in India. In Reservation and Affirmative Action: Models of Social Integration in India and the United States, pp. 143-169. New Delhi: Sage.

March 18: Debating the Policies for Social Inclusion in Nepal (Krishna B. Bhattachan) Reading requirements:

• Bhattachan, Krishna B. 2005. Quest for Inclusive Democracy in Nepal: Identifying Process and Content. In Readings in Governance and Development, Volume IV, by Mukti Rijal, eds., pp. 70-85. Kathmandu: Institute of Governance and Development.
• Bhattachan, Krishna and Dilliram Dahal. 2007. Nepalma Aarakchhyan sambandhi Samajshastriya Drishtikon. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti, by Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 29-80. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.
• Gurung, Harka. 2007. Nepalko Sandarvama Sakaratmak Bivedh. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti, by Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 81-115. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.
• Rao, Aruna and David Kelehar. 2007. Samajik Samabesikaranko Madhyamka Rupma Sakaratmak Bivedh: Bhram ra Yethartha. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti, by Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 117-164. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.

March 19: Affirmative Action in the United States of America (Mark Larsen)

• Libertella, Anthony, Sebastian Sora and Samuel Natale. 2007. Affirmative Action Policy and Changing Views. Journal of Business Ethics 74: 65-71.
• Burns, Prue and Jan Schapper. 2008. The Ethical Case for Affirmative Action. Journal of Business Ethics 83: 369-379.
• Brown, Susan and Charles Hirschman. 2006. The End of Affirmative Action in Washington State and its Impact on the Transition from High School to College. Sociology of Education 79(2): 106-130.
• Timeline of Affirmative Action Milestones in the US.
• Should affirmative action policies, which give preferential treatment based on minority status, be eliminated?
• Civil Rights and Racial Preferences: A Legal History of Affirmative Action.

March 22: Education, Equality and Citizenship: Lessons from Europe (Andreas Follesdal) Reading requirements:

• Follesdal, Andreas. 2008. Equality of Education and Citizenship: Challenges of European Integration.
• Follesdal, Andreas. 2002. Schools and Equality. In Proceedings from the 26th Annual Conference of the ATTE Association for Teacher Education in Europe, pp. 29-42. Norway: Stockholm Institute of Education Press.

March 23: Reservation/Affirmative Action in Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Koirala, Bidhyanath. 2007. Shaikchhik Aarakchhyan: Dalit Aarakchhyanko Swarup ra Parinati. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti, by Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 239-246. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.
• Basant, Rakesh. 2006. Comments: Reservation in higher education. Seminar 565.
• Rao, S. Srinivas. 2008. Equality in higher education: The impact of affirmative action policies. In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality, by Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 286-311. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• Deshpande, Satish and Yogendra Yadav. 2008. Redesigning affirmative action. In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality, by Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 191-208. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.

March 29: Hurdles to social inclusion and multiculturalism in the current political transition in Nepal (Krishna Khanal)

Reading requirements:

• Khanal, Krishna. 2008. Rajya Punarsamrachanako Bhavi Rajnitik Gantabya. In Rajya Punarsamrachana: Rajnitik, Arthik ra Sanskritik Drishtikon, by Krishna Khanal, Jhalak Subedi and Mukta Singh Tamang, pp. 1-60. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

March 30: Social Inclusion in the Nepali Media (Shekhar Parajuli, JB Bishowkarma) Reading requirements:

• Onta, Pratyoush, Harshaman Maharjan, Dev Raj Humagain and Shekhar Parajuli (Eds.). 2064 v.s. Samabesi Media. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari. (Read Introduction and Chapters 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, and 12)

April 5: The Logic of Social Research: writing a research proposal (Pratyoush Onta and Pramod Bhatta)

Reading requirements:

• Appadurai, Arjun. 2006. The Right to Research. Globalisation, Societies and Education 4(2): 167-177.
• Appadurai, Arjun. 2000. Grassroots Globalization and the Research Imagination. Public Culture 12(1): 1-19.
• Hart, Chris. 2005. Writing your research proposal. In Doing your masters dissertation, pp. 365-405. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications.

April 6: What is the 'Field'? (Ramesh Parajuli, Dev Raj Humagain) Reading requirements:

• Des Chene, Mary. 1997. Locating the Past. In Anthropological Locations: Boundaries and Grounds of a Field Science. Akhil Gupta and James Ferguson, eds., pp. 66-86. Berkeley: University of California Press.
• Narayan, Kirin. 1993. How native is a 'native' anthropologist? American Anthropologist 95(3): 671-686.

April 8: Case Study Research (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Yin, Robert K. 2003. Chapters 1&2. In Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

April 9: Using Large Data Sets: The Logic of Survey Research (Sudhindra Sharma) Reading requirements:

• Neuman, W. Lawrence. 2003. Survey Research. In Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, 3rd Edition, pp. 263-307. New York: Allyn and Bacon.

April 12: Feminist Research Method and Evolution of Research with Gender Perspective (Chandra Bhadra)

Reading requirements:

• Bhadra, Chandra. 2002. Poverty, gender and Intra-Household Resource Distribution: Implication on Human Resources Development. Hamro Sansar: A Journal of Women's Studies, Issue 1, March 2002: 6-12.
• Burns, Diane and Melanie Walker. 2005. Feminist Methodologies. In Research Methods in the Social Sciences, by Bridget Somekh and Cathy Lewin, eds., pp. 66-73. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications.

April 13: Content Analysis (Sharad Ghimire, Komal Bhatta, Harsha Man Maharjan) Reading requirements:

• Krippendorff, Klaus. 2004. Chapter 2: Conceptual Foundation. In Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology, pp. 18-40. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Ghimire, Sharad. 2003. Nepali Chhapama batabaraniya Nyaya. In Mediako Chirfar: Kehi Samajik Sandarva, by Pratyoush Onta and Ramesh Parajuli, eds., pp. 23-68. Kathmandu: martin Chautari.
• Bhatta, Komal. 2002. Kathmanduka Sandhyakalin Patrika: Bishyabastu Bishleshan. In Mediako Antarbastu: Bibidh Bishleshan, by Pratyoush Onta, Rama Parajuli and ramesh Parajuli, eds, pp. 217-236. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Maharjan, Harsha Man. Forthcoming. Panchayatma 'Bikasko Lagi Sanchar' Awadharanako Rajniti.

January 11: Introduction to the fellowship (Pramod Bhatta and Research Fellows 2009)

January 12: Introduction to Martin Chautari (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta and other Martin Chautari Colleagues)

January 13: Modern Nepal's History: An Open Commentary (CK Lal) Reading requirements:

• Chapter from Tyas Bakhatko Nepal, by Sardar Bhim Bahadur Pandey
• Chapter from Purana Samjhana, by Ram Mani Adi

January 14: Discussion on Research Proposal (Pratyoush Onta and Pramod Bhatta) The fellows will be given a proposal for prior reading. This session will dissect the proposal. Each fellow will be asked to criticize it as an academic research proposal.

January 17: Understanding Social Exclusion in Nepal (Rajendra Pradhan) Reading requirements:

• Pradhan, Rajendra. 2006. Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion in the Nepalese context: some preliminary remarks. Paper presented at the workshop "Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion: Theories, methodologies and data" organized by the Social Science Baha and the Social Inclusion Research Fund/SNV, 3 June 2006.
• Bennett, Lynn. 2008. Policy Reform and Culture Change: Contesting Gender, Caste and Ethnic Exclusion in Nepal. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities, by Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp.197-224. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
• de Haan, Arjan. 2000. Social exclusion: Enriching the understanding of deprivation? Studies in Social and Political Thought 2(2): 22-40.
• Abako Nepal Gyanko Nepal by Social Science Baha.

January 19: Gender Exclusion (Meena Acharya) Reading requirements:

• Acharya, Meena. 1997. Political participation of women in Nepal. In Women and politics worldwide, by Barbara Nelson and Najima Chowdhary, eds., pp. 479–495. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• DFID and World Bank. 2005. Public discourse and action to address gender exclusion. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 7. Kathmandu: DFID and The World Bank.
• Tamang, Seira. 2004. Nepalma Bikase Naribad. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 522–557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.

• Gautam, Bhaskar. 2008. Parityakta Madhes: Likhatdwara Kaid Nepali Rastriyata. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(1): 117–146.
• Guneratne, Arjun. 2009. Introduction. In Regionalism and National Unity in Nepal. Frederik H. Gaize, 2nd Ed., pp. xvi–xxviii. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Bernado, M. 2006. Tarai: Muglanko Bhag wa Gorkhako? In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 29–41. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Hyome, K. 2006. Madhespratiko Vivhedh ra Samanata Aandolan. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 475–521. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Dahal, Dilli Ram. 2050 v.s. Taraiko Bivajit Pahichan. Himal 2050 VS: 13–16.

January 24: Janajati Exclusion (Lucky Sherpa, Kailash Rai) Reading requirements:

• INSEC. 2004. Adivasi Janajati ra Manav Adhikar. In Human Rights Year Book 2004, pp. 109–130. Kathmandu: INSEC.
• Gurung, Harka. 2004. Rastriyata ra Janajati. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 418–440. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Rai, Kailash. 2008. Adivasi Janajati Mahila Aandolan ra Janajati Mahila Mahasangh. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(1): 147–199.

Further reading:

• Onta, Pratyoush. 2006. The growth of the Adivasi Janajati movement in Nepal after 1990: The non-political institutional agents. Studies in Nepali History and Society 11(2): 303–354.
• Pfaff-Czarnecka, Joanna. 1997. Vestiges and Visions: Cultural Change in the Process of Nation-Building in Nepal. In Nationalism and Ethnicity in a Hindu Kingdom: The Politics of Culture in Contemporary Nepal. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers.

January 26: Dalit Exclusion (Ahuti) Reading requirements:

• Ahuti. 2004. Hindu Samajma Dalit Jatiya Muktiko Prashna. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan, by Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Ahuti. 2007. Dalitka lagi Aarakchhyan-Adhikar. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti, by Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 187-219. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.

Further reading:

• DFID and The World Bank. 2005. The public discourse and action to address caste discrimination. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 8. Kathmandu: DFID and World Bank.
• Bishowkarma, Hira. 2063 VS. Dalit Mahilaka Sawal ra tinko Samadhan. In Nepalma Dalit Mahila, by Dalit Mahila Sangh (FEDO), pp. 117–140. Kathmandu: Dalit Mahila Sangh.

January 28: Geographical Dimensions of Exclusion in Nepal: The Case of Karnali Region (Jagannath Adhikari)

Reading requirements:

• Adhikari, Jagannath. 2009. Development in Karnali and the Food Crisis. In Food Crisis in Karnali: A Historical and Politico-economic Perspective, pp. 1–29. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Shah, Saubhagya. 2004. Karnali: Pida ra Muktiko Upaya. In Nepalma Garibiko Bahas, by Bhaskar Gautam, Jagannath Adhikari and Purna Basnet, eds., pp. 274–280. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

January 31: Spatial Dimensions of Exclusion in Nepal (Pitamber Sharma) Reading requirements:

• Sharma, Pitamber. 2009. Shanghiyatako Sworup: Prabriti ra Sambhawana. Naya Patrika, 9 December, p. 11.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2009. Shanghiyataka Sandarvama Pramukh Dal. Naya Patrika, 10 December, p. 11.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2008. Nepali Canvaska Rangharu. Kathmandu: Himal Books.

February 2: Group Work: Understanding Social Exclusion in Nepal (Pramod Bhatta) See separate instructions.

February 4: Group Presentations: Understanding Social Exclusion in Nepal (Pramod Bhatta)

See separate instructions.

February 7: How to do a literature review? (Ramesh Parajuli) Reading requirements:

• Hofstee, Erik. 2006. The Literature Review. In Constructing a Good Dissertation: A Practical Guide to Finishing a Master’s, MBA or PhD on Schedule. Available Online at: www.exactica.co.za. Retrieved on 1 Feb 2010.
• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Toward a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William
  1. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

The fellows are required to prepare a written review of the key issues raised by the second and third articles and draw some implications for further research in educational exclusion/inclusion.

Reading requirements:

• Lekhaklai Anurodh. In Media Adhyayan 4 (2009). Shekhar Parajuli, Pratyoush Onta and Devraj Humagain, eds., pp. 313–316. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

Please also refer to other Martin Chautari books/book chapters that have been provided to you for citation styles and referencing.

February 11: Proposal development (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Hart, Chris. 2005. Writing your research proposal. In Doing your masters dissertation, pp. 365–405. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications.

February 17: Discussion on Research Proposal, Book Review and Opinion Paper (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta)

Each fellow is required to make a verbal presentation of his/her progress in the research proposal and book review.

February 18: Development of Education in Nepal (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Bhatta, Pramod. 2009. 60 Years of Educational Development in Nepal. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta, ed., pp. 1–16.
• Caddell, Martha. 2007. Education and Change: A Historical Perspective on Schooling, Development and the Nepali Nation-State. In Education and Social Change in South Asia, by Krishna Kumar and Joachim Oesterheld, eds., pp. 251–284. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Valentin, Karen. 2005. Education and Nation-Building in Nepal: An Historical Perspective. In Schooled for the Future: Educational Policy and Everyday Life among Urban Squatters in Nepal, by Karen Valentin, pp. 53–68. Connecticut: Information Age Publishing.

February 21: Interpreting and analyzing data (Saurav Dev Bhatta) (11.00 am–1.30 pm) Reading requirements:

• Bhatta, Saurav Dev. 2009[2004]. Disparities in School Performance in the SLC Exams: An Exploratory Analysis. In Education in Nepal: Problems, reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta, ed., pp. 57–119. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

February 23: Livelihood and social exclusion (Sharad Ghimire) Reading requirements:

• DfID. n.d. Sustainable Livelihood Guidance Sheet. Available online at: www.livelihoods.org. Accessed on 15 February 2010.
• Scoones, Ian. 1998. Sustainable Rural Livelihood: A Framework for Analysis. IDS Working Paper 72. UK: Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex.
• de Haan, Leo and Annelies Zoomers. 2005. Exploring the Frontiers of Livelihood Research. Development and Change 36(1): 27–47.

See separate instructions for this class.

February 26: Doing 'fieldwork' (Mary DesChene) Reading requirements:

• DesChene, Mary. 1997. Locating the Past. In Anthropological Locations: Boundaries and Grounds of a Field Science. Akhil Gupta and James Ferguson, eds., pp. 66–85. California: University of california Press.
• DesChene, Mary. 1997. "We Women must try to Live": The Saga of Bhauju. Studies in Nepali History and Society 2(1): 125–172.
• Narayan, Kirin. How Native is a "Native" Anthropologist? American Anthropologist 95(3): 671–686.

See also separate instructions for this class.

March 2: Understanding Social Exclusion in Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., pp. 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Towards a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William
  1. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
• Chanana, Karuna. 2001. Accessing higher education: The dilemma of schooling women, minorities, SCs and STs in contemporary India. In Interrogating Women's Education: Bounded Visions, Expanding Horizons, pp. 287-332. New Delhi: Rawat Publications.
• Mehta, Aashish and Rana Hasan. 2008. Underrepresentation in colleges: what do the data tell us? In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality, by Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 166-181. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.

March 4: Issues in Nepal's Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Mathema, Kedar Bhakta. 2007. Crisis in Education and Future Challenges for Nepal. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research 31: 46-66.
• Bhatta, Saurav Dev. 2004. Disparities in School Performance in the SLC Exams: an Exploratory Analysis. Studies in Nepali History and Society 9(2): 293-343.
• Stash, Sharon and Emily Hannum. 2001. Who goes to school? Educational stratification by gender, caste and ethnicity in Nepal. Comparative Education Review 45(3): 354-378.
• Parajuli, Mahesh Nath. 2062 V.S. Nepali Schoolma Dalit Bahishkar ra Bivedhka Kura. In Rajyako Punarsamrachanama Dalit Sahabhagita, by Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral, eds., pp. 131-142. Kathmandu: Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral.

March 7: Gender as a Matrix (Seira Tamang) Reading requirements:

• Tamang, Seira. 2066 v.s. Naribadi Aandolan Nirmanka Sandarvama Kehi Bichar. Asmita 21(67) 4–7.
• Name not mentioned. 1998. "The Rape" of Mr. Smith. In Issues in Feminism: An Introduction to Women's Studies (4th Edition). Sheila Ruth, ed., pp. 315–316. California: Mayfield Publishing House.

March 9: Gender Exclusion in Education (Susan Acharya) Reading requirements:

• Acharya, Susan and Mahesh Nath Parajuli. 2008. Measuring Gender Equality in Education: A Micro-Study of Learning Environment at Home and School: Through the Perspective of Gender Equality. UNESCO Kathmandu Series of Monographs and Working Papers # 17. Kathmandu: UNESCO
• Karlekar, Malvika. 2000. Girls' Access to Schooling: An Assessment. In The gender Gap in Basic Education: NGOs as Change Agents. Rekha Wazir, ed., pp. 80–114. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Madan, Vandana. 2004. Inside the Classroom: Content Analysis of Classroom Processes Studies in Eight States. In Gender and Social Equity in Primary Education: Hierarchies of Access. Vimala Ramachandran, ed., pp. 143–165. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Page, Elspeth. 2005. Negotiation and Compromise: Gender and Government Primary Education. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., pp. 178–196. New Delhi: Sage Publications.

March 11: Issues in Nepal's Higher Education (Tri-Ratna Manandhar) Reading requirements:

• An article by Dr. Manandhar.
• Khaniya, Tirth. 2007. Overview of the development of higher education in Nepal. In New Horizons in Education in Nepal, pp. 117–136. Kathmandu: Kishor Khaniya.
• Sijapati, Bandita. 2005. Perils of Higher Education Reform in Nepal. Journal of Development and Social Transformation 2: 25–33.

March 14: Group Work: Social Exclusion/Inclusion in Education (Pramod Bhatta)

March 16: Group Presentations: Social Exclusion/Inclusion in Education (Pramod Bhatta)

• de Haan, Arjan. 2008. Citizens, Identity and Public Policy: Affirmative Action in India. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities. Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp. 225–247. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
• Sharma, Arvind. 2005. History and theory of affirmative action in India. In Reservation and Affirmative Action: Models of Social Integration in India and the United States, pp. 143–169. New Delhi: Sage.

March 23: Naya Nepali Rastriyatako Bahas (CK Lal) Reading requirements:

• Lal, CK. Forthcoming. Nepaliya Hunalai.... A Paper Prepared for Martin Chautari.

March 28: Discussion on Opinion Paper (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta)

March 30: Nepal Multidimensional Exclusion Measure (Lynn Bennett)

• Bennett, Lynn and Dilip Parajuli. 2010. Nepal Multidimensional Exclusion Measure: Methodology, First Round Findings and Implications for Action (Draft). A Paper Prepared for the World Bank, Kathmandu.
• Middleton, Townsend and Sara Shneiderman. 2008. Reservations, federalism and the politics of Recognition in Nepal. Economic & Political Weekly, 10 May, 39–45.

April 1: Reservation/Affirmative Action in Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Koirala, Bidhyanath. 2007. Shaikchhik Aarakchhyan: Dalit Aarakchhyanko Swarup ra Parinati. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti. Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 239–246. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.
• Basant, Rakesh. 2006. Comments: Reservation in higher education. Seminar 565.
• Rao, S. Srinivas. 2008. Equality in higher education: The impact of affirmative action policies. In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality. Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 286–311. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• Deshpande, Satish and Yogendra Yadav. 2008. Redesigning affirmative action. In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality. Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 191–208. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.

April 4: Research proposal: Framing your research questions (Pramod Bhatta)

April 6: Research proposal: Framing your research questions (contd...) (Pramod Bhatta)

April 8: Research proposal: Framing your research questions (contd...) (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta)

Unless otherwise stated, the course sessions will be held thrice a week (Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays) from 11.30 am to 2.00 pm.

6 January 2011: Introduction to the fellowship and Martin Chautari

9 January: Doing Social Science Research (Pramod Bhatta, Sharad Ghimire, Ramesh Parajuli)

• Appadurai, Arjun. 2006. The right to research. Globalisation, Societies and Education 4(2): 167–177.
• Onta, Pratyoush. 2062 v.s. Samaj Bigyanma Naya Pusta: Pragyik Gair-Sarkari Sansthako Bhumika. Rupantaran 2: 1–17.

11 January: Introduction to Nepal’s history (Pratyoush Onta) Reading requirements:

• Hofer, Andras. 2004. Chapters I, II & III. In The Caste Hierarchy and the State in Nepal: A study of the Muluki Ain of 1854, 2nd edition, pp. 1–16. Kathmandu: Himal Books.
• Onta, Pratyoush. 1999. The career of Bhanubhakta as a history of Nepali national culture, 1940-1999. Studies in Nepali History and Society 4(1): 65–136.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1995. The Political Leadership. In Kings and political leaders of the Gorkhali Empire 1768-1814, pp. 36–48. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. The Rajya, Birta and Jagir Systems. In Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces, pp. 39–43. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. Thatched huts and stucco palaces. In Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces, pp. 172–179. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers.

13 January: Historical roots of social exclusion/inclusion: An open commentary (CK Lal) Reading requirements:

• AcharyaDixit,  Ram Mani.  2029  v.s.  Bhumika  &  Bhasha  Sewama  Pahilo  Prayas.  In Purana Samjhana, pp. ka–na & 1–7. Kathmandu: Nalini Devi AcharyaDixit.
• Pandey, Bhim Bahadur. 2044 v.s. 1977 Sal – Panisaro & Shikshama Asadharan Niyantran: Durbar School. In Tyas Bakhatko Nepal, pp. 1–17 & 163–205. Kathmandu: Sardar Bhim Bahadur Pandey.

16 January: Discussion on Research Proposal (Sita Bhattarai and Yam B. Pun) Instructions for the class:

The fellows will be given a proposal for prior reading. This session will dissect the proposal. Each fellow will be asked to criticize it as an academic research proposal.

18 January: Preparing Bibliography (Devraj Humagai and Harshaman Maharjan)

Please refer to the separate handout and other Martin Chautari books/book chapters that have been provided to you for citation styles and referencing.

Please also see:

• Lekhaklai Anurodh. In Media Adhyayan 5 (2010). Devraj Humagain, Shekhar Parajuli and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 355–358. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

20 January: Understanding Social Exclusion/Inclusion (Mukta Singh Tamang) (12:00-2:30) Reading requirements:

• Tamang, Mukta Singh. 2008. Samanata, Sanghiyata ra Bahusanskritik Rastrabad.  In Rajya Punasamrachana: Rajnitik, Arthik ra Sanskritik Drishtikon. Krishna Khanal, Jhalak Subedi and Mukta Singh Tamang, pp. 105-158. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Abako Nepal Gyanko Nepal, by Social Science Baha.
• Bennett, Lynn. 2008. Policy Reform and Culture Change: Contesting Gender, Caste and Ethnic Exclusion in Nepal. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities. Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp. 197-224. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
• Gurung, Harka. 2007. From Exclusion to Inclusion. In From Exclusion to Inclusion: Socio-Political Agenda for Nepal, pp. 1-53. Kathmandu: Social Inclusion Research Fund.
• Pradhan, Rajendra. 2006. Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion in the Nepalese context: some preliminary remarks. Paper presented at the workshop “Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion: Theories, methodologies and data” organized by the Social Science Baha and the Social Inclusion Research Fund/SNV, 3 June.
• Silver, Hilary. 2007. The process of social exclusion: the dynamics of an evolving concept. CPRC Working Paper 95, Department of Sociology, Brown University.

23 January: Janajati Exclusion (Krishna B. Bhattachan and Kailash Rai) Reading requirements:

• INSEC. 2004. Adivasi Janajati ra Manav Adhikar. In Nepal Manavadhikar Barsha Pustak 2004, pp. 107-129. Kathmandu: INSEC.
• Gurung Harka. 2004. Rastriyata ra Janajati. In Napalko Sandarvama Samajshastriya Chintan, Mary DeChene and Pratyous Onta, eds., pp. 418-440. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Bhattachan,  Krishna Bahadur. 2008. Minorities and Indigenous People of Nepal, pp. 41-94. Kathmandu: National Coalition against Racial Discrimination.
• Rai,  Kailash.  2008.  Adivasi  Janjati  Mahila  Andolan  ra  Janajati  Mahila  Mahasangh. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(1): 147-199.

25 January: Dalit Exclusion (Ahuti) Readings Requirements:

• Ahuti. 2004. Hindu Samajma Dalit Jatiya Muktiko Prashna. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan. Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Ahuti. 2007. Dalitka lagi Aarakchhyan-Adhikar. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti. Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 187-219. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.

Further readings:

• DFID and The World Bank. 2005. The public discourse and action to address caste discrimination. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 8. Kathmandu: DFID and World Bank.
• Bishowkarma, Hira. 2063 VS. Dalit Mahilaka Sawal ra tinko Samadhan. In Nepalma Dalit Mahila. Dalit Mahila Sangh (FEDO), pp. 117–140. Kathmandu: Dalit Mahila Sangh.

27 January: Madhes Exclusion (Brikesh Chandra Lal ) Readings Requirements:

• Gautam, Bhaskar. 2008. Parityakta Madhes: Likhatdwara Kaid Nepali Rastriyata. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(1): 117–146.
• Guneratne, Arjun. 2009. Introduction. In Regionalism and National Unity in Nepal. Frederik H. Gaize, 2nd Ed., pp. xvi–xxviii. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Bernado, M. 2006. Tarai: Muglanko Bhag wa Gorkhako? In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana. Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 29–41. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Hyome, K. 2006. Madhespratiko Vivhedh ra Samanata Aandolan. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana. Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 475–521. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Dahal, Dilli Ram. 2050 v.s. Taraiko Bivajit Pahichan. Himal 2050 VS: 13–16.

1 February: Mahila Exclusion (Amuda Shrestha) Reading requirements:

• Acharya, Meena. 1997. Political Participation of Women in Nepal. In Women and politics worldwide. Barbara Nelson and Najima Chowdhary, eds., pp. 479-495. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• DFID and World Bank. 2005. Public Discourse and Action to Address Gender Exclusion. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal Gender and Social Exclusion Assessment, Chapter-7. Kathmandu: DFID and World Bank.
• Tamang, Seira. 2004. Nepalma Bikase Naribad. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan. Mary DesChene and Pratyous Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Further reading:
• Jackson, Cecile. 1999. Social Exclusion and Gender: Does One Size Fit All? The Eropean Journal of Development Research 2(1):125-146.

3 February: Federalism in Nepal (Pitamber Sharma) Readings Requirements:

• Sharma, Pitamber. 2009. Shanghiyatako Sworup: Prabriti ra Sambhawana. Naya Patrika, 9 December, p. 11.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2009. Shanghiyataka Sandarvama Pramukh Dal. Naya Patrika, 10 December, pp. 11.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2065 v.s. Nepali Canvaska Rangharu. Nepal, 12 Jetha, pp.14-17.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2065 v.s. Sabal Sanghiyataka Aadhar. Himal Khabar Patrika, 1-15 Baishaka, pp.78-89.
• Further reading:
• Sharma, Pitamber.2008. Nepali Kyanvaska Rangharu: Jatiyatako Bhaugolik Pachhya. Kathmandu: Himal Books.

• Lamichane, Kamal. 2009. Disability and Returns to Education: A Case  Study  from Nepal. Unpublished Report, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RECAST).

Further readings:

• D. Hammill, Donald, James E. Leigh, Gaye McNutt and Stephen C. Larsen. 1998. A New Definition of Learning Disabilities. Learning disability Quarterly 11(3): 217-223.
• Hall, Tim, Mick Healey and Margaret Harrison. 2002. Fieldwork and Disabled Students: Discourses of Exclusion and Inclusion.

8 February: Discussion on book review and opinion article (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta and Chudamani Basnet)

The fellows are required to prepare a book review. The fellows are free to choose the book but it should be broadly related to the current course and/or their proposed research.

10 February: Language Issue: Yogendra P. Yadav Reading requirements:

• Yadav, Yogendra Prasad and Purnaman Shakya. 2065 v.s. Nepalma Bartaman Abastama Dekha Pareka Bhashik Muddaharu ra Samabeshi Bhashaniti. In Rajya Puna: Samrachanako Sandarvama Nepalko bartaman Bhashik Sthiti ra Samabeshi Bhashaniti. Pp. 49-90. Kathmandu: Nepal ra Asiali Anusandhan Kendra ra Samajik Samabeshikaran Anusandhan Kosh.
• Grove, Carl. 2065 v.s. Lauguage Policy in Nepal. In Rajya Punasamrachanako Sandarvama Nepalko Bartaman Bhashik Sthiti ra Samabeshi Bhashaniti. Pp. 127-132. Kathmandu: Nepal ra Asiali Anusandhan Kendra ra Samajik Samabeshikaran Anusandhan Kosh.

Further reading:

• Kainla, Bairagi. 2058 v.s. Adivasi ra Janajatiko Bhashako Samrakchhyan ra Bikas. In Chhapama Janajati, by Pratyoush Onta, Kumar Yatru and Bhashkar Gautam, eds., pp. 289-295. Kathmandu: Ekta Books.
• Koirala, Bidhyanath. 2064 V.S. Matribhashama Shikchhyan: Nepalko Bhashik Samasya Samadhan Garne Tarika. In Shikchhyama Baikalpik Chintan, pp. 587-596. Kathmandu: Samajik Bikaskalagi Pragyik Manch.
• Yadav,  Yogendra  Prasad.  2006.  Taraika  Bhashaharu:  Sandarva  ra  Sambhawana.  In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 84- 98. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.

13  February:  Group  Work  and  Presentations:  Understanding  Social  Exclusion/Inclusion  in Nepal (Sita Bhattarai and Yam Pun)

15 February: How to do a literature review? (Chudamani Basnet and Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Hofstee, Erik. 2006. The Literature Review. In Constructing a Good Dissertation: A Practical Guide to Finishing a Master’s, MBA or PhD on Schedule. Available Online at: www.exactica.co.za. Retrieved on 1 Feb 2010.
• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Toward a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William K. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

The fellows are required to prepare a written review of the key issues raised by the any five selected readings of your choice and draw some implications for further research in educational exclusion/inclusion.

17 February: Discussion on Research Proposal.

The fellows are required to present progress on their research proposal.

20 February: Development of Education in Nepal (Bidyanath Koirala) Reading requirements:

• Koirala, Bidyanath. 2065 v.s. Bholiko Shaichhik Niti: Chaun Kata Jaanu Kata. Shichhyama Baikalpik Chintan, pp. 421-433. Kathmandu: Samajik Anusandhan ra Samagri Bikaska Lagi Pragik Manch.
• Bhatta, Pramod. 2009. 60 Years of Educational Development in Nepal. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta, ed., pp.  1–16. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Caddell, Martha. 2007. Education and Change: A Historical Perspective on Schooling, Development and the Nepali Nation-State. In Education and Social Change in South Asia, by Krishna Kumar and Joachim Oesterheld, eds., pp. 251–284. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Valentin, Karen. 2005. Education and Nation-Building in Nepal: An Historical Perspective. In Schooled for the Future: Educational Policy and Everyday Life among Urban Squatters in Nepal, by Karen Valentin, pp. 53–68. Connecticut: Information Age Publishing.

22 February: Understanding Social Exclusion in Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., pp. 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Towards a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William K. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
• Chanana, Karuna. 2001. Accessing higher education: The dilemma of schooling women, minorities, SCs and STs in contemporary India. In Interrogating Women's Education: Bounded Visions, Expanding Horizons, pp. 287-332. New Delhi: Rawat Publications.
• Mehta, Aashish and Rana Hasan. 2008. Underrepresentation in colleges: what do the data tell us? In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality. Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 166-181. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• Bhatta, Pramod, Lila Adhikari, Manu Thada, and Ramesh Rai. 2008. Structure of Denial: Student Representation in Nepal’s Higher Education. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(2): 235—263.

24 February: Issues in Nepal’s Education (Mahesh Nath Parajuli) Reading requirements:

• Parajuli, Mahesh Nath. 2062 V.S. Nepali Schoolma Dalit Bahishkar ra Bivedhka Kura. In Rajyako Punarsamrachanama Dalit Sahabhagita, by Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral, eds., pp. 131-142. Kathmandu: Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral.
• Bhatta, Saurav Dev. 2009 [2004]. Disparities in School Performance in the SLC Exams: an Exploratory Analysis. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta eds., pp. 57-120. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Mathema, Kedar Bhakta. 2007. Crisis in Education and Future Challenges for Nepal. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research 31: 46-66.
• Stash, Sharon and Emily Hannum. 2009 [2001]. Who goes to school? Educational stratification by gender, caste and ethnicity in Nepal. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta eds., pp.19-56. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

27 February: Understanding inequalities in education contd….. (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., pp. 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Towards a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William K. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
• Chanana, Karuna. 2001. Accessing higher education: The dilemma of schooling women, minorities, SCs and STs in contemporary India. In Interrogating Women's Education: Bounded Visions, Expanding Horizons, pp. 287–332. New Delhi: Rawat Publications.
• Mehta, Aashish and Rana Hasan. 2008. Underrepresentation in colleges: what do the data tell us? In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality. Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 166–181. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• Bhatta, Pramod, Lila Adhikari, Manu Thada, and Ramesh Rai. 2008. Structures of Denial: Student Representation in Nepal’s Higher Education. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(2): 235–263.

Unless otherwise stated, the course sessions will be held thrice a week (Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays) from 11.30 am to 2.00 pm.

6 January 2011: Introduction to the fellowship and Martin Chautari

9 January: Doing Social Science Research (Pramod Bhatta, Sharad Ghimire, Ramesh Parajuli)

• Appadurai, Arjun. 2006. The right to research. Globalisation, Societies and Education 4(2): 167–177.
• Onta, Pratyoush. 2062 v.s. Samaj Bigyanma Naya Pusta: Pragyik Gair-Sarkari Sansthako Bhumika. Rupantaran 2: 1–17.

11 January: Introduction to Nepal’s history (Pratyoush Onta) Reading requirements:

• Hofer, Andras. 2004. Chapters I, II & III. In The Caste Hierarchy and the State in Nepal: A study of the Muluki Ain of 1854, 2nd edition, pp. 1–16. Kathmandu: Himal Books.
• Onta, Pratyoush. 1999. The career of Bhanubhakta as a history of Nepali national culture, 1940-1999. Studies in Nepali History and Society 4(1): 65–136.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1995. The Political Leadership. In Kings and political leaders of the Gorkhali Empire 1768-1814, pp. 36–48. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. The Rajya, Birta and Jagir Systems. In Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces, pp. 39–43. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers.
• Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. Thatched huts and stucco palaces. In Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces, pp. 172–179. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers.

13 January: Historical roots of social exclusion/inclusion: An open commentary (CK Lal) Reading requirements:

• AcharyaDixit,  Ram Mani.  2029  v.s.  Bhumika  &  Bhasha  Sewama  Pahilo  Prayas.  In Purana Samjhana, pp. ka–na & 1–7. Kathmandu: Nalini Devi AcharyaDixit.
• Pandey, Bhim Bahadur. 2044 v.s. 1977 Sal – Panisaro & Shikshama Asadharan Niyantran: Durbar School. In Tyas Bakhatko Nepal, pp. 1–17 & 163–205. Kathmandu: Sardar Bhim Bahadur Pandey.

16 January: Discussion on Research Proposal (Sita Bhattarai and Yam B. Pun) Instructions for the class:

The fellows will be given a proposal for prior reading. This session will dissect the proposal. Each fellow will be asked to criticize it as an academic research proposal.

18 January: Preparing Bibliography (Devraj Humagai and Harshaman Maharjan)

Please refer to the separate handout and other Martin Chautari books/book chapters that have been provided to you for citation styles and referencing.

Please also see:

• Lekhaklai Anurodh. In Media Adhyayan 5 (2010). Devraj Humagain, Shekhar Parajuli and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 355–358. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

20 January: Understanding Social Exclusion/Inclusion (Mukta Singh Tamang) (12:00-2:30) Reading requirements:

• Tamang, Mukta Singh. 2008. Samanata, Sanghiyata ra Bahusanskritik Rastrabad.  In Rajya Punasamrachana: Rajnitik, Arthik ra Sanskritik Drishtikon. Krishna Khanal, Jhalak Subedi and Mukta Singh Tamang, pp. 105-158. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Abako Nepal Gyanko Nepal, by Social Science Baha.
• Bennett, Lynn. 2008. Policy Reform and Culture Change: Contesting Gender, Caste and Ethnic Exclusion in Nepal. In Inclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities. Anis A. Dani and Arjan de Haan, eds., pp. 197-224. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
• Gurung, Harka. 2007. From Exclusion to Inclusion. In From Exclusion to Inclusion: Socio-Political Agenda for Nepal, pp. 1-53. Kathmandu: Social Inclusion Research Fund.
• Pradhan, Rajendra. 2006. Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion in the Nepalese context: some preliminary remarks. Paper presented at the workshop “Understanding social exclusion and social inclusion: Theories, methodologies and data” organized by the Social Science Baha and the Social Inclusion Research Fund/SNV, 3 June.
• Silver, Hilary. 2007. The process of social exclusion: the dynamics of an evolving concept. CPRC Working Paper 95, Department of Sociology, Brown University.

23 January: Janajati Exclusion (Krishna B. Bhattachan and Kailash Rai) Reading requirements:

• INSEC. 2004. Adivasi Janajati ra Manav Adhikar. In Nepal Manavadhikar Barsha Pustak 2004, pp. 107-129. Kathmandu: INSEC.
• Gurung Harka. 2004. Rastriyata ra Janajati. In Napalko Sandarvama Samajshastriya Chintan, Mary DeChene and Pratyous Onta, eds., pp. 418-440. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Bhattachan,  Krishna Bahadur. 2008. Minorities and Indigenous People of Nepal, pp. 41-94. Kathmandu: National Coalition against Racial Discrimination.
• Rai,  Kailash.  2008.  Adivasi  Janjati  Mahila  Andolan  ra  Janajati  Mahila  Mahasangh. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(1): 147-199.

25 January: Dalit Exclusion (Ahuti) Readings Requirements:

• Ahuti. 2004. Hindu Samajma Dalit Jatiya Muktiko Prashna. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan. Mary DesChene and Pratyoush Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Ahuti. 2007. Dalitka lagi Aarakchhyan-Adhikar. In Bishesh Adhikar ra Aarakchhyanko Rajniti. Purna Basnet and Suvash Darnal, eds., pp. 187-219. Kathmandu: Jagaran Media Center.

Further readings:

• DFID and The World Bank. 2005. The public discourse and action to address caste discrimination. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal gender and social exclusion assessment, Chapter 8. Kathmandu: DFID and World Bank. 
• Bishowkarma, Hira. 2063 VS. Dalit Mahilaka Sawal ra tinko Samadhan. In Nepalma Dalit Mahila. Dalit Mahila Sangh (FEDO), pp. 117–140. Kathmandu: Dalit Mahila Sangh.

27 January: Madhes Exclusion (Brikesh Chandra Lal ) Readings Requirements:

• Gautam, Bhaskar. 2008. Parityakta Madhes: Likhatdwara Kaid Nepali Rastriyata. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(1): 117–146.
• Guneratne, Arjun. 2009. Introduction. In Regionalism and National Unity in Nepal. Frederik H. Gaize, 2nd Ed., pp. xvi–xxviii. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Bernado, M. 2006. Tarai: Muglanko Bhag wa Gorkhako? In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana. Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 29–41. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Hyome, K. 2006. Madhespratiko Vivhedh ra Samanata Aandolan. In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana. Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 475–521. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Dahal, Dilli Ram. 2050 v.s. Taraiko Bivajit Pahichan. Himal 2050 VS: 13–16.

1 February: Mahila Exclusion (Amuda Shrestha) Reading requirements:

• Acharya, Meena. 1997. Political Participation of Women in Nepal. In Women and politics worldwide. Barbara Nelson and Najima Chowdhary, eds., pp. 479-495. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• DFID and World Bank. 2005. Public Discourse and Action to Address Gender Exclusion. In Citizens with(out) rights: Nepal Gender and Social Exclusion Assessment, Chapter-7. Kathmandu: DFID and World Bank.
• Tamang, Seira. 2004. Nepalma Bikase Naribad. In Nepalko Sandarvama Samajshashtriya Chintan. Mary DesChene and Pratyous Onta, eds., pp. 522-557. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.
• Further reading:
• Jackson, Cecile. 1999. Social Exclusion and Gender: Does One Size Fit All? The Eropean Journal of Development Research 2(1):125-146.

3 February: Federalism in Nepal (Pitamber Sharma) Readings Requirements:

• Sharma, Pitamber. 2009. Shanghiyatako Sworup: Prabriti ra Sambhawana. Naya Patrika, 9 December, p. 11.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2009. Shanghiyataka Sandarvama Pramukh Dal. Naya Patrika, 10 December, pp. 11.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2065 v.s. Nepali Canvaska Rangharu. Nepal, 12 Jetha, pp.14-17.
• Sharma, Pitamber. 2065 v.s. Sabal Sanghiyataka Aadhar. Himal Khabar Patrika, 1-15 Baishaka, pp.78-89.
• Further reading:
• Sharma, Pitamber.2008. Nepali Kyanvaska Rangharu: Jatiyatako Bhaugolik Pachhya. Kathmandu: Himal Books.

6 February: Exclusion of People with Disabilities Reading requirements:

• Lamichane, Kamal. 2009. Disability and Returns to Education: A Case  Study  from Nepal. Unpublished Report, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RECAST).

Further readings:

• D. Hammill, Donald, James E. Leigh, Gaye McNutt and Stephen C. Larsen. 1998. A New Definition of Learning Disabilities. Learning disability Quarterly 11(3): 217-223.
• Hall, Tim, Mick Healey and Margaret Harrison. 2002. Fieldwork and Disabled Students: Discourses of Exclusion and Inclusion.

8 February: Discussion on book review and opinion article (Pratyoush Onta, Pramod Bhatta and Chudamani Basnet)

The fellows are required to prepare a book review. The fellows are free to choose the book but it should be broadly related to the current course and/or their proposed research.

10 February: Language Issue: Yogendra P. Yadav Reading requirements:

• Yadav, Yogendra Prasad and Purnaman Shakya. 2065 v.s. Nepalma Bartaman Abastama Dekha Pareka Bhashik Muddaharu ra Samabeshi Bhashaniti. In Rajya Puna: Samrachanako Sandarvama Nepalko bartaman Bhashik Sthiti ra Samabeshi Bhashaniti. Pp. 49-90. Kathmandu: Nepal ra Asiali Anusandhan Kendra ra Samajik Samabeshikaran Anusandhan Kosh.
• Grove, Carl. 2065 v.s. Lauguage Policy in Nepal. In Rajya Punasamrachanako Sandarvama Nepalko Bartaman Bhashik Sthiti ra Samabeshi Bhashaniti. Pp. 127-132. Kathmandu: Nepal ra Asiali Anusandhan Kendra ra Samajik Samabeshikaran Anusandhan Kosh.

Further reading:

• Kainla, Bairagi. 2058 v.s. Adivasi ra Janajatiko Bhashako Samrakchhyan ra Bikas. In Chhapama Janajati, by Pratyoush Onta, Kumar Yatru and Bhashkar Gautam, eds., pp. 289-295. Kathmandu: Ekta Books.
• Koirala, Bidhyanath. 2064 V.S. Matribhashama Shikchhyan: Nepalko Bhashik Samasya Samadhan Garne Tarika. In Shikchhyama Baikalpik Chintan, pp. 587-596. Kathmandu: Samajik Bikaskalagi Pragyik Manch.
• Yadav,  Yogendra  Prasad.  2006.  Taraika  Bhashaharu:  Sandarva  ra  Sambhawana.  In Madhes: Samasya ra Sambhawana, by Basanta Thapa and Mohan Mainali, eds., pp. 84-98. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha.

13  February:  Group  Work  and  Presentations:  Understanding  Social  Exclusion/Inclusion  in Nepal (Sita Bhattarai and Yam Pun)

15 February: How to do a literature review? (Chudamani Basnet and Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Hofstee, Erik. 2006. The Literature Review. In Constructing a Good Dissertation: A Practical Guide to Finishing a Master’s, MBA or PhD on Schedule. Available Online at: www.exactica.co.za. Retrieved on 1 Feb 2010.
• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Toward a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William K. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

The fellows are required to prepare a written review of the key issues raised by the any five selected readings of your choice and draw some implications for further research in educational exclusion/inclusion.

17 February: Discussion on Research Proposal.

The fellows are required to present progress on their research proposal.

20 February: Development of Education in Nepal (Bidyanath Koirala) Reading requirements:

• Koirala, Bidyanath. 2065 v.s. Bholiko Shaichhik Niti: Chaun Kata Jaanu Kata. Shichhyama Baikalpik Chintan, pp. 421-433. Kathmandu: Samajik Anusandhan ra Samagri Bikaska Lagi Pragik Manch.
• Bhatta, Pramod. 2009. 60 Years of Educational Development in Nepal. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta, ed., pp.  1–16. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Caddell, Martha. 2007. Education and Change: A Historical Perspective on Schooling, Development and the Nepali Nation-State. In Education and Social Change in South Asia, by Krishna Kumar and Joachim Oesterheld, eds., pp. 251–284. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
• Valentin, Karen. 2005. Education and Nation-Building in Nepal: An Historical Perspective. In Schooled for the Future: Educational Policy and Everyday Life among Urban Squatters in Nepal, by Karen Valentin, pp. 53–68. Connecticut: Information Age Publishing.

22 February: Understanding Social Exclusion in Education (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., pp. 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Towards a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William K. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
• Chanana, Karuna. 2001. Accessing higher education: The dilemma of schooling women, minorities, SCs and STs in contemporary India. In Interrogating Women's Education: Bounded Visions, Expanding Horizons, pp. 287-332. New Delhi: Rawat Publications.
• Mehta, Aashish and Rana Hasan. 2008. Underrepresentation in colleges: what do the data tell us? In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality. Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 166-181. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• Bhatta, Pramod, Lila Adhikari, Manu Thada, and Ramesh Rai. 2008. Structure of Denial: Student Representation in Nepal’s Higher Education. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(2): 235—263.

24 February: Issues in Nepal’s Education (Mahesh Nath Parajuli) Reading requirements:

• Parajuli, Mahesh Nath. 2062 V.S. Nepali Schoolma Dalit Bahishkar ra Bivedhka Kura. In Rajyako Punarsamrachanama Dalit Sahabhagita, by Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral, eds., pp. 131-142. Kathmandu: Bidhyanath Koirala, Rajan Khadka and Rajkumar Baral.
• Bhatta, Saurav Dev. 2009 [2004]. Disparities in School Performance in the SLC Exams: an Exploratory Analysis. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta eds., pp. 57-120. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
• Mathema, Kedar Bhakta. 2007. Crisis in Education and Future Challenges for Nepal. European Bulletin of Himalayan Research 31: 46-66.
• Stash, Sharon and Emily Hannum. 2009 [2001]. Who goes to school? Educational stratification by gender, caste and ethnicity in Nepal. In Education in Nepal: Problems, Reforms and Social Change. Pramod Bhatta eds., pp.19-56. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.

27 February: Understanding inequalities in education contd….. (Pramod Bhatta) Reading requirements:

• Subrahmanian, Ramya. 2005. Education Exclusion and the Developmental State. In Educational Regimes in Contemporary India. Radhika Chopra, Patricia Jeffery in collaboration with Helmut Reifeld, eds., pp. 62–82. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
• Williams, James. 2008. Who (in the world) is not in school? Towards a Policy Framework for Educating Marginalized Children and Youth. In Policy-Making for Education Reform in Developing Countries: Policy Options and Strategies. William K. Cummings and James H. Williams, eds., pp. 3–26. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
• Chanana, Karuna. 2001. Accessing higher education: The dilemma of schooling women, minorities, SCs and STs in contemporary India. In Interrogating Women's Education: Bounded Visions, Expanding Horizons, pp. 287–332. New Delhi: Rawat Publications.
• Mehta, Aashish and Rana Hasan. 2008. Underrepresentation in colleges: what do the data tell us? In In Search of Inclusive policy: Addressing Graded Inequality. Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, eds., pp. 166–181. New Delhi: Rawat Publications in association with Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
• Bhatta, Pramod, Lila Adhikari, Manu Thada, and Ramesh Rai. 2008. Structures of Denial: Student Representation in Nepal’s Higher Education. Studies in Nepali History and Society 13(2): 235–263.